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As of 2013, roughly 3,106 living and fossil termite species are recognised, categorized in 12 families. The infraorder Isoptera is split into the following clade and household groups, showing that the subfamilies in their respective classification:26

Termites are found on all continents except Antarctica. The diversity of termite species is reduced in North America and Europe (10 species known in Europe and 50 in North America), but is high in South America, in which over 400 species have been known.34 Of the 3,000 termite species currently classified, 1,000 are found in Africa, where mounds are extremely abundant in certain regions.

Within China, termite species have been restricted to moderate tropical and subtropical habitats south of the Yangtze River.34 In Australia, all environmental groups of termites (dampwood, drywood, subterranean) are endemic to the country, with over 360 classified species.34.

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As a result of their soft cuticles, termites do not inhabit cold or cool habitats.36 There are three ecological forms of termites: dampwood, drywood and subterranean. Dampwood termites are found only in coniferous forests, and drywood termites are found in hardwood forests; subterranean termites live in widely diverse regions.34 One species in the drywood group is that the West Indian drywood termite (Cryptotermes brevis), which can be an invasive species in Australia.37.

Termites are generally modest, measuring between 4 to 15 millimetres (0.16 to 0.59 in) in length.34 The biggest of extant termites are the queens of those species Macrotermes bellicosus, measuring around over 10 centimetres (4 in) in length.38 Another giant termite, the extinct Gyatermes styriensis, thrived in Austria during the Miocene and had a wingspan of 76 millimetres (3.0 in) and a body length of 25 millimetres (0.98 in).39note 1.

Most worker and soldier termites are blind as they do not own a pair of eyes. However, some species, like Hodotermes mossambicus, haveCompound eyes that they utilize for orientation and to distinguish sunlight from moonlight.40 The alates (winged males and females) have eyes along with lateral ocelli.

Termite antennae have a number of functions such as the sensing of taste, touch, odours (including pheromones), heat and vibration. The three primary segments of a termite antenna include a scape, a pedicel (typically shorter than the scape), and the flagellum (all segments beyond the scape and pedicel). The mouth parts contain a maxillae, a labium, and a set of mandibles.

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Consistent with insects, the anatomy of the termite thorax consists of 3 segments: the prothorax, the mesothorax and the metathorax. Each segment contains a set of legs. On alates, the wings are located at the mesothorax and metathorax. Even the mesothorax and metathorax have well-developed exoskeletal plates; the prothorax has smaller plates. .

Termites have a ten-segmented abdomen using two plates, the tergites and also the sternites. The tenth abdominal segment has a pair of short cerci.45 There are ten tergites, of which nine are broad and one is elongated. The reproductive organs are similar to people in cockroaches but are somewhat more simplified. For instance, the intromittent organ is not present in male alates, and the sperm is immotile or aflagellate.

Unlike in other termites, Mastotermitidae females have an ovipositor, a feature strikingly similar to this in female cockroaches.48.

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The non-reproductive castes of termites are wingless and rely solely on their six legs for locomotion. The alates fly only to get a brief amount of time, so they also rely on their legs. The appearance of the legs investigate this site is similar in each caste, but the soldiers have larger and heavier legs.

The number of tibial spurs on an individual's leg fluctuates. Some species of termite have an arolium, located between the claws, which can be present in species that scale on smooth surfaces but is absent in many termites.49.

Unlike in ants, the hind-wings and fore-wings are of equivalent length.2 Most of the time, the alates are poor stocks; their technique would be to launch themselves in the atmosphere and fly in a random direction. Studies show that in comparison to bigger termites, smaller vases cannot fly long distances. When a termite is in flight, its wings remain Learn More Here in a ideal angle, and when the termite is at rest, its wings remain parallel to your own body.51.

Caste method of termites A King B Queen C Secondary queen D Tertiary queen E Infection F Worker

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Worker termites undertake the most labor within the colony, being responsible for foraging, food storage, and brood and nest maintenance.53 Workers are tasked with the digestion of cellulose in food and are consequently the most likely caste to be found in infested timber. The procedure for worker termites feeding different nestmates is popularly known as trophallaxis.